Oftan Dexamethasone eye drops 0.1% bottle with dropper 5 ml

Pharmacological properties

Synthetic GCS preparation for use in ophthalmology. Dexamethasone (9-fluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16-methylpregna-1,4-diene-2,20-dione) has antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. stabilizes leukocyte lysosomal membranes, inhibits kinin synthesis, leukocyte migration, antibody synthesis, inhibits collagen synthesis. GCS, interacting with a specific protein receptor in target tissues, regulate the expression of corresponding genes and affect protein synthesis. affect fat, carbohydrate and energy metabolism.

After instillation into the eye, the drug penetrates well into the epithelium of the cornea and conjunctiva. After instillation into the conjunctival sac, therapeutic concentrations are achieved in the aqueous humor of the eye. In cases of damage to the posterior parts of the eye, systemic use of corticosteroids is necessary. About 60-70% of dexamethasone entering the systemic bloodstream binds to blood plasma proteins. Dexamethasone is metabolized in the liver under the action of cytochrome-containing enzymes CYP2C; metabolites are excreted mainly with feces. The half-life is on average 3 hours. The duration of the anti-inflammatory effect on the eye after instillation of 1 drop of the solution is from 4 to 8 hours.

Indication

Non-purulent conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, blepharitis, especially of allergic origin; some forms of viral keratitis (for example, caused by the herpes zoster virus); iritis, iridocyclitis; marginal ulcer and superficial corneal injuries of various etiologies; postoperative conditions, ophthalmia of various origins.

Application

At the beginning of treatment - 1-2 drops every hour during the day and every 2 hours at night; when the symptoms decrease - 4-6 times a day. Duration of treatment - from several days to several weeks.

Contraindication

Infections caused by herpes simplex, varicella zoster, vaccinia viruses, and other viral and fungal diseases of the eyes, as well as their tuberculous lesions, acute purulent eye infections (without concomitant antimicrobial therapy).

Side effects

Increased intraocular pressure with prolonged use of the drug, thinning and perforation of the cornea, very rarely - the spread of herpes simplex and bacterial infection; burning and tingling sensation in the eye. With local use of GCS, cases of glaucoma with damage to the optic nerve, decreased visual acuity and loss of visual fields, as well as the formation of posterior subcapsular cataracts have been noted. In patients with hypersensitivity to benzalkonium chloride, allergic conjunctivitis and blepharitis may develop.

Special instructions

If Oftan Dexamethasone is used for 2 weeks or more, intraocular pressure should be measured regularly. Treatment with corticosteroids can smooth out the picture of bacterial or fungal infection, therefore, in the treatment of infectious eye diseases, the use of the drug should be combined with adequate antimicrobial therapy. Soft contact lenses should be removed before instillation of the drug and put back on after 15 minutes.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the drug is prescribed only if the expected therapeutic effect for the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus and child. Newborns whose mothers received high doses of corticosteroids during pregnancy should be examined for adrenal insufficiency.

Interactions

Dexamethasone may enhance the effects of phenytoin, barbiturates and warfarin. By inducing the CYP3A4 isoenzyme, dexamethasone reduces the effectiveness of calcium channel blockers, quinidine and erythromycin, however, with the recommended topical application regimen, the dose of the drug is insufficient to cause induction or saturation of liver enzymes.

Overdose

Local manifestations are possible. There is no specific antidote. The drug should be discontinued and symptomatic therapy should be prescribed.

Storage conditions

At a temperature of 2-8 °C; an opened vial must be used within 1 month.