Instructions for use: Cytimax-Darnitsa solution for infusions 1%, bottle 100 ml, No. 1
Composition
active ingredient: citicoline;
1 ml of solution contains citicoline sodium equivalent to citicoline 10 mg;
Excipients: sodium chloride, water for injections.
Dosage form
Solution for infusion.
Main physicochemical properties: clear colorless liquid.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Psychostimulants, drugs used for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), nootropics. Other psychostimulants and nootropics. ATC code N06B X06.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics.
Citicoline stimulates the biosynthesis of structural phospholipids of neuronal membranes, which is confirmed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Due to this mechanism of action, citicoline improves the functioning of such membrane mechanisms as the work of ion exchange pumps and receptors, the modulation of which is necessary for the normal conduction of nerve impulses.
Due to its stabilizing effect on the neuronal membrane, citicoline exhibits anti-edema properties that help reduce brain edema.
Experimental studies have shown that citicoline inhibits the activation of some phospholipases (A1, A2, C, and D), reduces the formation of free radicals, prevents the destruction of membrane systems, and preserves antioxidant defense systems such as glutathione.
Citicoline preserves the energy reserves of neurons, inhibits apoptosis, and stimulates the synthesis of acetylcholine.
It has been experimentally proven that citicoline also exhibits a preventive neuroprotective effect in focal cerebral ischemia.
Clinical studies have shown that citicoline significantly increases functional recovery in patients with acute ischemic stroke, which coincides with a slowdown in the growth of ischemic brain damage volume according to neuroimaging data.
In patients with traumatic brain injury, citicoline accelerates recovery and reduces the duration and intensity of post-traumatic syndrome.
Citicoline increases the level of attention and consciousness, reduces cognitive and neurological disorders associated with cerebral ischemia, and helps reduce the manifestations of amnesia.
Pharmacokinetics.
After administration of the drug, a significant increase in the level of choline in the blood plasma is observed. The drug is metabolized in the intestines and liver to form choline and cytidine.
After administration, citicoline is widely distributed in brain structures with rapid incorporation of the choline fraction into structural phospholipids and the cytidine fraction into cytidine nucleotides and nucleic acids. In the brain, citicoline is incorporated into cellular, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial membranes, integrating into the structure of the phospholipid fraction.
Only a small amount of the dose is found in the urine and feces (less than 3%). Approximately 12% of the dose is excreted in exhaled CO2. During the excretion of the drug with urine, two phases are distinguished: the first phase, lasting 36 hours, in which the rate of excretion decreases rapidly, and the second phase, in which the rate of excretion decreases much more slowly. The same phasic nature is observed in excretion through the respiratory tract. The rate of CO2 excretion decreases rapidly, for about 15 hours, then decreases much more slowly.
Indication
Stroke, acute phase of cerebrovascular disorders and treatment of complications and consequences of cerebrovascular disorders.
Traumatic brain injury and its neurological consequences.
Cognitive and behavioral disorders due to chronic vascular and degenerative cerebral disorders.
Contraindication
Hypersensitivity to citicoline or to other components of the drug.
Increased tone of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Interaction with other medicinal products and other types of interactions
Citicoline enhances the effect of levodopa. Citimax-Darnitsa® should not be administered simultaneously with drugs containing meclofenoxate.
Application features
The infusion rate should be 40–60 drops per minute.
In case of persistent intracranial hemorrhage, the dose should not exceed 1000 mg per day and the intravenous infusion rate should not exceed 30 drops per minute.
This medicinal product contains less than 1 mmol (23 mg) sodium/dose, i.e. essentially 'sodium-free'.
Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding
There are no adequate data on the use of citicoline in pregnant women. Data on the excretion of citicoline into breast milk and its effect on the fetus are unknown.
During pregnancy or breastfeeding, the drug can be prescribed only if the expected therapeutic benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.
Ability to influence reaction speed when driving vehicles or other mechanisms
In individual cases, some adverse reactions from the central nervous system may affect the ability to drive or operate complex machinery.
Method of administration and doses
The drug should be prescribed and administered intravenously by drip at a rate of 40–60 drops per minute.
The maximum daily dose is 2000 mg.
The duration of treatment depends on the course of the disease and is determined by the doctor.
Elderly patients do not require dose adjustment.
After stabilization of the condition, it is possible to switch to oral administration of the drug.
Children
Experience with the use of the drug in children is limited.
Overdose
Given the low toxicity of the drug Cytimax-Darnitsa®, intoxication is not expected even in cases where therapeutic doses have been accidentally exceeded.
In case of accidental overdose, symptomatic treatment should be carried out.
Side effects
Adverse reactions occur very rarely (< 1/10,000), including isolated cases.
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: dyspnea.
Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
From the nervous system: severe headache, vertigo.
From the psyche: hallucinations.
From the cardiovascular system: arterial hypertension, arterial hypotension, tachycardia.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: rash, hyperemia, exanthema, purpura.
General disorders and administration site conditions: chills, edema.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions.
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after the registration of a medicinal product is important. This allows monitoring of the benefit/risk ratio of the medicinal product. Medical and pharmaceutical professionals, as well as patients or their legal representatives, should report all cases of suspected adverse reactions and/or lack of efficacy of the medicinal product via the Automated Information System for Pharmacovigilance at the following link: https://aisf.dec.gov.ua
Expiration date
2 years.
Storage conditions
Store in the original packaging at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C. Do not freeze.
Keep out of reach of children.
Packaging
100 ml in a bottle; 1 bottle in a pack.
Vacation category
According to the recipe.
Producer
PrJSC "Pharmaceutical Company "Darnitsa".
Location of the manufacturer and address of its place of business.
Ukraine, 02093, Kyiv, Boryspilska St., 13.
